含油钻屑高效除油剂及除油机理研究

Study on high efficient oil removal agent and its mechanism for oily drilling cuttings

油基钻井液在复杂井、深井的钻井作业中受到越来越多的使用和重视,但相应也产生了大量的废弃含油钻屑,带来了环境污染问题。针对含油钻屑的特点,研制了一种高效除油剂HBS-6,在阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、溶剂和软水剂等组分的协同作用下,利用强化分离设备,实现了钻屑含油的去除与无害化处置,含油钻屑除油率达90%以上。同时,还采用红外光谱、气相色谱和液相色谱等分析手段,研究了除油剂HBS-6的作用机理。HBS-6含有HLB值高且能生物降解的阴离子表面活性剂,以保证除油剂的清洗能力和环保性,同时还采用HLB值低的非离子表面活性剂,以提高对油的乳化和除油能力,为含油钻屑的无害化处理拓展了一条新的技术途径。

Oil-based drilling fluids were more and more used in the complex well and deep well.But amounts of waste oil drilling cuttings were produced and the problems of environment pollution were occurred accordingly.According to the characters of oil drilling cuttings,a kind of high efficient oil removal agent HBS-6 was developed.Oil removal and harmless disposal for oily drilling cuttings were realized with the use of improved separation equipments and the synergy of components,such as,anionic surfactant,non-ion surfactant,solvents and soft agent.And oil removal rate of oily drilling cuttings is more than 90%.At the same time,the mechanism of HBS-6 was also studied by the use of infrared spectrum,gas chromatography and liquid chromatographic analysis method.HBS-6 contains high HLB value and biodegradable anionic surfactant to ensure its ability of cleaning and environmental protection.And HBS-6 with low HLB value non-ion surface active agent can improve the ability of oil emulsion and oil removal.The technology develops a new method for harmless treatment of oily drilling cuttings.