嘉陵江中游南充段水鸟资源与变迁

Waterbirds Resources and Their Dynamic Changes in Nanchong Section, the Middle Reaches of the Jialing River

2009年1月-2010年12月,采用固定样线法对嘉陵江中游南充段水鸟资源进行了调查,共记录73种水鸟,隶属于7目14科.结合文献资料,该区域共记录有92种水鸟,隶属于7目16科.其中有国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类3种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类6种,省级重点保护鸟类16种.区系成分以古北界种类为主,占69.57%.冬候鸟和旅鸟共计72种,占78.26%.水鸟资源以鸻鹬类和雁鸭类为主,其中绿翅鸭、凤头及凤头麦鸡为优势种,三者占观察鸟类总数的45.46%.与20世纪80年代以前的记录比较,21世纪初嘉陵江南充段水鸟组成在科级以下水平发生了较大的变化,分析认为嘉陵江环境的变化是导致这一结果的重要原因.

From January 2009 to December 2010,a survey on the waterbirds resources was conducted with the method of fixed transects in Nanchong section,the middle reaches of the Jialing River.In total,73 species of waterbirds,belonging to 14 families,7 orders,were found.Combined with the literature material,there were 92 species of waterbirds,belonging to 16 families,7 orders.Among them,3 species were nationally protected wildlife of the first grade,6 species were second-grade wildlife and 16 species were provincially protected birds.Palaearctic species was dominant in this area,accounting for 69.57 ％.There were 72 species of winter birds and passing migrant birds,accounting for 78.26％.There were many species of Anseriformes and Charadriiformes,and among them Anas crecca,Aythya fuligula and Vanellus vanellus were dominant species,about 45.46％ of the waterbirds observed.Compared with the data before the 1980s,significant changes were found below the family level at the beginning of the 21th Century,which mainly were caused by the environment changes of the Jialing River.