首症外伤的15例高龄肺炎临床分析

Clinical Analysis of First Symptoms of 15 Elderly People with Traumatic Pneumonia

认识首症外伤性高龄肺炎的临床特点.回顾性分析15例首症外伤性高龄（≥80岁）肺炎患者的临床表现、实验室检查和影像学资料.结果发现,首症外伤高龄肺炎患者发热呼吸道症状发生率低,神经精神症状（〉70%）、消化道症状（〉60%）较多见,每例患者合并2-5种疾病,如高血压病12例（80.0%）、恶性肿瘤及癌症10例（66.7%）、糖尿病7例（46.7%）,病死率46.7%,以颅脑外伤及脑出血为主要病死原因.痰培养细菌检出率为66.7%,检出细菌呈多重耐药情况.建议高龄老人出现不明原因摔倒及外伤、神经精神症状、消化道症状或血压增高、心率加快等情况,应早检查以明确诊断,及时治疗,减少外伤机率及病死率.

Aiming to understand the clinical features of first symptoms of elderly people with traumatic pneumonia,we made a retrospective analysis of clinical manifestation,laboratory examinations and imaging data of 15cases（≥80years old）with traumatic pneumonia.The results showed that the incidence of febrile and respiratory symptoms in the cases was low,and neuropsychiatric symptoms（70%）and digestive tract symptoms（60%）were common.Each patient had 2-5complications,and 12of the cases suffered from essential hypertension（80%）,10from malignant tumors or cancers（66.7%）,and 7from diabetes mellitus（46.7%）.The mortality rate was 46.7%,and the main reason of death was craniocerebral trauma and cerebral hemorrhage.The detection rate of bacteria in sputum culture was 66.7%,the detected bacteria had multiple drug resistance.When elderly people display unexplained neuropsychiatric and gastrointestinal symptoms,hypertension,fast heart rate,early examinations should be done for definitive diagnosis,timely treatment,and the reduction of injury probability and fatality rate.