新装修家居场所对人群健康的影响

Effect of Air Quality in Newly Decorated Housing on Human Health

目的通过对中山市新装修家居场所空气质量检测和居民健康状况问卷调查,研究新装修家居场所的空气污染状况和对居民健康的影响。方法对中山市75户次300点次的家居场所监测数据分析、75名新装修场所居住者和145名非新装修场所居住者进行问卷调查。结果新装修家居场所甲醛污染严重,点次合格率和户次合格率分别为64.33%和52.00%;新装修家居场所居住者的流泪、眼痛、眼痒、眼干、异味、咳嗽、嗓子干、头晕、易疲劳、皮肤粗糙及恶心共11项指标的阳性率高于非新装修场所居住者(P小于0.05);甲醛超标组调查对象的流泪、眼痒、眼干、异味、嗓子干、皮肤粗糙共6项指标的阳性率高于甲醛未超标组(P小于0.05)。结论新装修家居场所对健康的影响种类多样;新装修的家居场所甲醛污染严重,引起的健康效应主要为眼部和喉部刺激症状。

Objectives To study the effect of indoor air quality of newly decorated housing on human health by air test and questionnaire survey. Methods The tested data for 75 houses at 300 points in Zhongshan city and the results of questionnaire survey on 75 residents living in newly decorated house and 145 residents living in non-newly decorated house were analyzed. Results Formaldehyde was the most serious pollutant, and the qualified rate of formaldehyde for newly decorated points and houses was 64. 33% and 52. 00% respectively. The positive rate of 11 indexes （ including lachrymation, op dizziness, fatigability, pachulosis and hthalmalgia, eye itching, eye dryness, abnormal odor, cough, throat dryness, nausea） for residents living in newly decorated houses was higher than those living in non-newly decorated houses （P less than O. 05 ）. The positive rates of lachrymation, eye itching, eye dryness, abnormal odor, throat dryness and pachulosis in the formaldehyde superstandard group was higher than those in the formaldehyde qualified group （P less than 0. 05 ）. Conclusions The health effects of newly decorated housing were various, mainly on the irritation of eye and throat, and the effect of formaldehyde pollution was serious.