滇铜京运与清代昭通开发的现代启示

Modern Enlightenment on the Relation Between the Trasit of Covellite from Yunnan to Beijing And the development of Zhaotong in the Qing Dynasty

在有清一代银铜双本位货币体系下,滇铜及滇铜京运,卷入数以十万计的铜矿工人和运输工人,穿越中国大地八个省共万余里,绵延两百余年,成为一场感天动地的壮举,既在宏观上支撑了清王朝的半壁江山,也在微观上对昭通一地的社会经济产生了重要而深远的影响。一方面昭通的铜斤生产是整个滇铜生产中不可忽略的部份,另一方面滇铜京运中有四条路线纵贯昭通全区,在滇铜运输中作用巨大,甚至有"滇铜运输第一线"之称。这些都极大地影响了清代昭通经济社会的发展,同时它从盛转衰的过程也留下相当的启示可资后人取鉴。

As the monetary system is based on the silver-copper pairs stretching two hundred years in the Qing Dynas- ty, Yunnan copper and the copper transported to Beijing across a total of eight provinces China which involved hundreds of thousands of mine workers and transport workers. The feat not only supported the half money supply of the Qing dy- nasty in macroscopic view, but also produced important and far-reaching impact on Zhaotong on the socio-economic in mi- croscopic scales. On the one hand the copper production of Zhaotong is the non--negligible part of the Yunnan province, on the other hand there were four routes runs through the Zhaotong region in the trasit of covellite from Yunnan to Bei- jing, even some scholars said the route was ＂the first line＂ in the transport line. These have greatly influeneed the eco- nomic and social development of Zhaotong in the Qing Dynasty. And the process from the gloom to doom also left quite a revelation can be funded later reference.