我国优秀游泳运动员损伤部位特征研究

Features of Injured Body Parts of Elite Professional Swimmers in China

运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法和专家访谈法,以我国124名优秀游泳运动员为研究对象,以不同泳姿(自由泳、仰泳、蛙泳、蝶泳)为研究视角分析易损伤部位特征,提出合理的损伤预防措施。结果表明:易损伤部位主要是肩颈部、腰背部、膝部。不同泳姿的游泳项目中,易损伤部位存在差异性。自由泳主要易损伤部位是肩颈部,蛙泳主要是膝部,蝶泳主要是肩颈部和腰背部,仰泳运动员踝部损伤人数多于其他泳姿游泳运动员。男女游泳运动员易损伤部位无明显差异。

Adopting literature study, questionnaire, mathematical analysis and expert interview, features oi injured body parts of 124 elite professional swimmers were studied. Different swimming styles were included. It was shown that the body parts that were most often injured were neck, shoulder, waist and knee. There were differences of in- jured body parts of different swimming styles. Shoulder and neck injuries were mostly seen in freestyle while knee in- juries were in breaststroke. Shoulder, neck and waist injuries were in butterfly. Ankle injuries occurred frequently in backstroke. There were no obvious differences of injured body parts for male and female swimmers.