清代盗匪案的类型与成因

An Analysis on Bandit Gang Cases Type and the Causes in the Qing Dynasty

盗匪案涉及基层社会的治安问题,这类案件的增多是社会动荡的先兆。根据盗匪团伙组织行为方式的变化情况,清代基层社会盗匪团伙案件可以分为三种类型:临时组织型、松散组织型和半军事化组织型。社会贫困化是盗匪形成的重要原因,而战乱和地理环境也是其中重要的影响因素。从清代盗匪案的类型演变和发展轨迹,能够寻找到与民国时期盗匪猖獗的现象贯穿一致的历史脉络。

Bandit cases are related with grassroots social order, whose increase in quantity is the harbinger of social unrest. By analyzing bandits gang organization behavior, the bandits gang cases are divided into three types： temporary organization, loose organization and semi-militarization organization. Poverty is an important reason for bandits formation, war and the geographical environment is also an important influencing factors. By analyzing bandits cases type evolution and development trajectory in the Qing Dynasty,we can find out why bandit gang is rampant in Republican China.