旱作雨养条件下5种燕麦品种的生态适应性分析

Analysis of Ecological Adaption of Five Oat Varieties( Avena sativa L. ) under Dry Cultivation and Rain-fed

[目的]为筛选适宜在旱作条件下生长的燕麦(Avena sativa L.)品种。[方法]在内蒙古阴山北麓地区对5个品种生长特性进行比较分析。[结果]5种燕麦品种的株高为保罗>草莜1号>九六二六>燕科1号>农家品种,但在总体生长速度上表现为草莜1号>保罗>燕科1号>九六二六>农家品种。生育期间各品种叶面积呈先明显增加后缓慢下降的变化趋势。鲜重随生育时期均呈S型曲线变化,在抽穗期不同燕麦品种间保罗、农家品种、草莜1号、九六二六分别较燕科1号增加了118.44%、69.58%、45.63%、45.21%;在灌浆期增加了63.40%、30.14%、13.06%、11.47%。干重整体呈波动上升的趋势,到灌浆期保罗、草莜1号、农家品种和九六二六分别较燕科1号的植株干重增加了76.77%、52.65%、40.49%和32.74%。在生物产量和籽粒产量上均以保罗最高,且在籽粒产量上保罗、燕科1号、草莜1号和九六二六分别较农家品种增加了18.71%、16.10%、8.48%和7.06%。[结论]该研究对干旱地区燕麦的增产增收具有重要指导意义。

[Objective] In order to choose the oat variety planted in dry cultivation.[Method] The comparison of growth characters of five oat varieties in North Yinshan Area of Inner Mongolia was studied.[Result] The results showed that,the plant height of five oat varieties showed Baoluo ＞ Caoyou 1 ＞ 9626 ＞ Yanke 1 ＞ native variety,but the growth speed showed Caoyou 1 ＞ Baoluo ＞ Yanke 1 ＞ 9626 ＞ native variety.During the growth period,the leaf area of each variety all showed a variation trend of first increase and then decrease.With the going of growth period,the fresh weight showed a＂ S＂ variation,and in heading stage,the fresh weight of Baoluo,native variety,Caoyou 1 and 9626 increased 118.44％,69.58％,45.63％ and 45.21％,resp.than that of Yanke 1,increased 63.40％,30.14％,13.06％ and 11.47％,resp.in grain filling stage.The dry weight showed a fluctuant increasing trend in the whole growth period and in grain filling stage,the dry weight of Baoluo,Caoyou 1,native variety and 9626 increased 76.77％,52.65％,40.49％ and 32.74％,resp.than that of Yanke 1.The Baoluo had the highest biological and grain yield,and the grain yield of Baoluo,Yankel,Caoyou 1 and 9626 increased 18.71％,16.10％,8.48％ and 7.06 ％,resp.than that of native variety.[Conclusion] The study has an important guidance significance for oat yield and income increase in dry area.