全球能源治理的功利主义和全球主义

Globalism and Utilitarianism in Global Energy Governance

在应对气候变化和能源安全的大背景下,能源国际合作和竞争都是国际体系内的突出现象。2012年以来,中国的风电和光伏产业连续遭受欧美反倾销等制裁。新能源领域逐渐成为中美经贸摩擦的重要领域。这些事件背后的意图不仅是因为中国新能源产业发展已经影响到有关发达国家的核心发展战略和竞争力,而且折射出更深层次的问题是国家之间围绕新能源发展主导权的争夺日趋激烈。全球化和相互依存关系正在加深对国际合作的需求,并为国际合作创造了更多的机会。在应对全球能源环境挑战中,世界各国既有全球主义下的合作也有功利主义下的竞争。面对这种形势,中国的能源外交政策应该包括全球能源治理、国际交流对话、双边合作等三个方面。中国要倡导能源全球主义的发展理念,通过合作共赢参与和塑造国际能源体系,积极推动全球合作才可能实现真正的和平发展及全球能源的共同安全。

International energy cooperation and competition is of great importance in terms of climate change and energy security.Since 2012,China's wind power and PV industries have received anti-dumping sanctions from the U.S.and European countries.Economic and trade frictions in the new energy field are carrying a lot of weight with China-US trade,partly because the development of new energy industry in China has affected the development strategies and competitiveness of the developed countries in the area,and partly because of the growing competition for predominance in the new energy.Globalization and interdependence demands international cooperation,and also provides opportunities for cooperation.To meet the challenges of global energy development,there are both cooperation for global interests and competition due to utilitarianism.China's energy foreign policy should take into account three aspects: global energy governance,international communication and dialogues,and bilateral cooperation.China should promote the concept of common interests on global energy development,and participate in building international energy system through win-win cooperation.International cooperation is essential to achieve peaceful development and global energy security.