毛泽东对中国农村现代化道路的探索

Mao Zedong’s explorations of the avenues to modernization of China’s countryside

新中国成立后 ,毛泽东从中国国情出发 ,科学分析我国社会经济发展状况 ,认为要使农村社会经济能适应社会主义建设的要求 ,必须将农民培养成为社会主义“新人”;必须对农业的制度和技术创新 ,使农业在“工业化道路 ,工农并举”的基础上实现现代化 ;必须建立新的社会组织 ,即构建了“工农商学兵”一体化的人民公社 ,以期实现农村的工业化和城市化 。

After 1949 Mao Zedong scientifically analyzed China’s social and economic development proceeding from the national conditions. According to him, the farmers must be turned into “new socialist men” and the rural institutions and agricultural technologies must be innovated so that rural social and economic development could suit the needs of the socialist construction. Modernization of agriculture should be achieved through “industrialization and synchronous development of agriculture and industry”. New social organization—— people’s communes must be set up including “workers, farmers, merchants, scholars, and soldiers” in order to industrialize and urbanize rural areas, and ultimately modernize China’s countryside.