湿地生态系统退化机制和驱动力的模型构建——以天津地区湿地为例

Modeling the Mechanism and Driving Forces of Wetland Ecosystem Degradation

在评述目前关于湿地退化机制和驱动因素研究的基础上,以天津地区湿地为例,从湿地生态系统结构和功能的整体性角度,分析了湿地退化过程中各结构组分与生态功能的关系。湿地作为重要的生态系统,其退化机制与驱动力分析应该首先从生态学角度出发,分析造成湿地生态系统结构改变的因素,以及对湿地生态系统服务功能退化的影响,确定了湿地退化的驱动力因素。按照其内在的逻辑关系,构建了湿地生态系统退化机制和驱动力模型,对影响天津地区湿地退化的驱动因素进行了梳理,并根据分析结果提出了天津湿地生态恢复的对策建议。

During the 21st century, economic development, urbanization and global climate change have caused the degradation of wetlands. This global problem has become a major research focus of present wetland science. Based on the discussion about the research on wetland degradation mechanism and driving forces, the relations between wetland ecosystem structure and functions were analyzed. As an important ecosystem, the researches on wetland degradation mechanism and driving factors should be conducted from ecology aspect, because the changes of wetland services were behind structures. Follow the logistic analysis, the model of wetland degradation mechanism and driving factors was constructed, which can be used to find the real disturbance factors of wetland degradation. In this paper, the wetland degradation mechanism and driving forces were discussed using the model and the measures of wetland restoration were proposed.