杭州市区夏秋季空气PM2.5微生物分布特点的初步研究

Preliminary study on distribution characteristics of airborne PM2. 5 microbes in Hangzhou in summer and autumn

目的为探索杭州市空气中细颗粒物微生物的分布特点,采集夏秋两季5个代表性区域里的空气PM2.5微生物样本,分析微生物的数量和种类。方法 Andersen空气微生物采样器采集PM2.5微生物样本,分别进行微生物计数,采用传统培养鉴定方法、全自动细菌鉴定仪和普通PCR方法分别进行霉菌、细菌和分枝杆菌属细菌的鉴定。结果夏秋两季空气PM2.5细菌和霉菌数量商业区最多。β溶血细菌交通枢纽区最多。分离到10属细菌,优势菌为芽胞杆菌属;分离到12属霉菌,优势菌为曲霉属。仅从商业区样本中扩增到分枝杆菌属16S rRNA的保守区基因片段。结论商业区空气细颗粒物微生物污染最严重,其次分别是交通枢纽区、居民区、高校教学区和风景区。

Objective To collect airborne PM2.5 microbes samples for analysis of quantity and species of microbes, and discuss the distribution characteristics of airborne PM2.5 microbes in Hangzhou city in summer and autumn. Methods Five typical regional microbes samples were collected by Andersen airborne microbe sampler to conduct microbe counting and identification, and the conventional culture method, automatic bacteria1 identified system and PCR were employed for preliminary analysis of the number and types of airborne PM2.5 microbes in different seasons at different locations. Results In summer and autumn, the largest number of airborne PM2.5 bacteria and air- borne PM2.5 fungus is found in downtown. The largest number of 13 - haemolytic bacteria is found in traffic junc- tion. There were 10 types of bacteria genus separated from samples in two seasons. Among them, the major genus are Bacillu. There were 12 types of fungus genus separated from samples in two seasons. Among them, the major ge- nus are Aspergillus. By PCR, only the conserved region gene fragment of Mycobacterium 16S rRNA was amplified, showing the Mycobacterium in airborne PM2.5 at downtown. Conclusion The sequence of the degree of airborne PM2.5 microbes pollution from high to low is downtown, traffic junction, campus area, residency, landscape.