阿格尔异化消费理论及其对我国生态文明建设的启示

On Agger's Dissimilation Consumption Theory and its Inspiration to Building Ecological Civilization in China

阿格尔的异化消费理论是生态学马克思主义的重要组成部分,这一理论是在主要汲取马克思、法兰克福学派和莱斯等三方面的相关思想资源的基础上形成的,其主要内容包括对异化消费范畴进行理论界定和内涵分析,对资本主义工业文明下的异化消费现象及其成因的诠释,认为异化消费是生态危机产生的根源,揭示异化消费违背人性的真正需求、影响人的全面发展等四个方面。阿格尔将生态学与马克思主义相结合,基于异化消费分析当代资本主义的生态危机,但他将资本主义发展不可避免的经济危机转换成由异化消费导致的生态危机,提出用"稳态"经济模式来克服危机等,则有着明显的缺陷和局限。尽管如此,阿格尔的异化消费理论对于克服全球生态危机、推进我国生态文明建设也具有重要的借鉴意义。

Agger＇ s dissimilation consumption is an important part of ecology Marxism theory. This theory mainly draws the relevant thoughts from Marx, Frankfurt school and Leiss etc.. Its main contents include the theory definition of dissimilation consumption category and its connotation analysis, the alienation consumption phenomena of the capitalism under industrial civilization and its causes of formation, the belief that dissimilation consumption is the root causes of ecological crisis, and the enlightenment that dissimilation consumption is against the real demand of human nature, and affects individual overall development, etc.. Its contributions lie in unifying the ecology and Marxism, and trying to change the capitalist economic mode based on the alienation consumption analysis on contemporary capitalist ecological crisis. In fact, this theory also contains obvious defects and limitations, such as ignoring the basic conflicts of the capitalist society, mistaking the economic crisis rooted form capitalism development for the ecological crisis resulted from dissimilation consumption, putting forward the inappropriate economic model of steady state to overcome crisis and so on. However, Agger＇s alienation consumption theory is of great significance in overcoming global ecological crisis, and promoting Chinese ecological civilization construction.