双胞胎吸烟行为与体重指数变化初步探讨

Preliminary analysis on smoking behavior and body mass index from twins

目的初步探讨遗传因素和环境因素对体重指数(BMI)、吸烟行为的影响及吸烟行为对BMI的影响。方法分别对安阳、新乡、鹤壁三个地区的1 492对健康双胞胎人群和同一地区普查健康人群(n=7 696)进行吸烟行为问卷调查,并测量身高体重。采用t检验,α检验,秩和检验对数据进行统计分析。结果双胞胎BMI遗传度为0.781,其中男性双胞胎BMI遗传度为0.598,女性为0.338。男性双胞胎吸烟行为遗传度为0.142。双胞胎吸烟组与不吸烟组BMI均值和BMI分级比较的差异均无统计学意义(P=0.347;P=0.817);双胞胎不同年龄吸烟组与不吸烟组BMI各分级差异无统计学意义。一般人群吸烟组与不吸烟组BMI均值和分级比较的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),吸烟组的低体重率大于不吸烟组,吸烟组的超重率和肥胖率均低于不吸烟组。结论 BMI主要受遗传因素的影响,吸烟行为主要受环境因素影响,长期大量吸烟可能导致BMI降低。

Objective To determine the effect of genetic and environmental factors on body mass index （BMI） and smoking behavior .Methods Questionnaires was performed for smoking history on 1492 pairs of healthy twins and 7696 healthy subjects form anyang , Xinxiang and Hebi in Henan Province . The height and body weight was recorded for each subject for BMI analysis . The data was analyzed with T-test , Chi-Square test and Wilcoxon rank sum test . Results The heritability of BMI in twins was 0 .781 . For the male and female twins , the heritability of BMI was 0 .598 and 0 .338 , respectively . The heritability of smoking in male twins was 0 .142 , but , there were no differences in average and different grading BMI between the twins with and without smoking （ P =0 .347 and P=0 .817） .There were no differences in different grading BMI between the different age twins with and without smoking . There were differences in average and different grading BMI between the healthy subject with and without smoking . In the smoking subject , low weight rate was greater than that in non-smokers subject , but the overweight and obesity rate were lower than those in non-smokers subject . Conclusion BMI is mainly affected by genetic factors , smoking is mainly affected by behavior environmental factors and long-term heavy smoking may cause a decrease in BM I .