关于民事精神损害赔偿几个问题的探讨

Explorations on Civil Spirit Damage Compensation

建国后,立法对精神损害赔偿一直持否定态度,直到1986年,我国颁布了《中华人民共和国民法通则》,标志着精神损害赔偿制度在我国的确立。但是,由于社会生活发展迅速,原有的规定已经不能适应现实生活迅速发展之法律需求。在2001年,最高人民法院做出司法解释对于侵权导致而精神损害赔偿责任的若干问题进行规定,这是对《民法通则》所确立的精神损害赔偿制度的重大发展。但是对于违约行为、侵害财产的行为、我国学者对于身份权的争论以及对于各种特殊主体受到侵害时是否能得到精神损害赔偿法律上并无明确规定,本文在这里试探讨之。

After the People ＇s Republic of China, the compensation for spirit damage had been blocked by negative attitude. Not until 1986, China issued General Principles of the Civil Law of the People＇s Republic of China＇, the 120th article pointed out ＂If a eitizen＇s right of personal name, portrait, reputation or honor is infringed upon, he shall have the right to demand that the infringe- ment be stopped, his reputation be rehabilitated, the ill effects be eliminated and an apology be made; he may also demand compensation for losses, was the article recognized as the system ＇s symbol for spirit damage＇s compensation in China. But, since the social life developed rapidly, theoriginal rules had no longer fitted for legal requirement in reality life. In 2001, the Supreme Peo- piers Court of the People＇s Republic of China made judicial interpretations to establish related rules for infringement caused mental damage compensation, this proved a critical development for spirit damage compensation executed by General Principles of the Civil Law. But as for behaviors as vio- lations, trespass of properties, there has no clear definition on China＇s scholars debate on identity, on if special body could acquire spirit compensation when being invaded. The essay explored and discussed here.