The Role of Multi-functionality of Agriculture in Sustainable Tourism Development in Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Sites in China

基于农业多功能性的中国全球重要农业文化遗产地旅游可持续发展研究（英文）

Population growth,loss of biodiversity,and climate change necessitate a new vision for the future of both agriculture and biodiversity.In order to safeguard and support the world＇s agricultural heritage systems,in 2002 the FAO started an initiative for the conservation and adaptive management called Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （GIAHS）.Tourism is suggested as part of the future as it is considered to be an alternative income source that will not only promote local economic development,but also provide the opportunity for tourists to learn about agriculture and ecology.However,inappropriate tourism in GIAHS sites will bring impacts on local culture and living styles,which not only threatens tourism＇s sustainable development,but also has the potential to damage these unique agricultural systems.This paper proposes that agriculture-based tourism is suitable for GIAHS and that Multi-functionality of Agriculture （MFA） can be the link between agriculture and tourism.This study constructs the framework for tourism development in GIAHS through MFA and applies it to the four GIAHS sites in China.Referring to the quantitative assessment for MFA and a qualitative analysis of the relationship between agriculture and tourism,we can give advice on agricultural tourism development in GIAHS sites.This framework also offers a universal methodology that allows stakeholders to communicate about the multiple functions of GIAHS across scales.

人口急剧增长,生物多样性减少和气候变化促使人们重新思考农业和生物多样性的未来,而传统农业的智慧与经验值得借鉴。2002年,联合国粮农组织(FAO)发起的全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)项目,旨在通过保护这些具有价值的传统农业系统来促进农村地区可持续发展。旅游被认为是动态保护途径之一,不但能促进遗产地的经济发展,还能为游客提供认知与学习农业文化遗产的机会。然而,不当的旅游发展将会影响当地的文化与生活方式,不但会威胁旅游的可持续发展,而且会对这些独特的农业系统带来潜在的破坏。因此,农业文化遗产地旅游发展的适宜模式应当是以农业为基础的。本文基于农业多功能性构建了农业文化遗产地旅游发展框架,通过对农业多功能性的定量评估和农业和旅游业间关系的定性分析,提出了我国的4个遗产地旅游发展建议。同时,该框架还能为不同利益相关者决策其农业文化遗产的多种功能提供了一种方法。