青海湖流域近50年气温、降水变化特征研究

Research in the variation characteristics of temperature and precipitation for lately 50 years in the Qinghai Lake basin

本文对青海湖流域1961-2010年近50年来的气温和降水变化特征进行了研究,结果表明,青海湖流域气温呈明显的增加趋势,线性增温率最大达到0.40℃/10a;存在较为明显的4次增温期,特别是最近一次增温期,持续时间长,最大增幅达0.1℃/a.降水量虽然没有明显的增加趋势,但存在三次明显的增多期,最大降水量出现在1988-1989年间.在季节变化上,气温均出现了不同程度的增加趋势,尤其以冬季和秋季增温趋势最明显;降水的季节增幅不明显,降水主要集中夏季,夏季多年平均降水量为239.30mm,占全年降水量的65%左右.近50年气温、降水变化特征表明青海湖流域目前正处于增温增湿阶段.

This paper has made a research about variation characteristics of temperature and precipitati- on from 1961 to 2010 years in the Qinghai Lake basin. The results showed that there emerged an increas- ing trend in the temperature, with the maximum linear rate of 0.40℃/10a. And there appeared four obvi- ous increasing temperature periods, especially the time of the recent warming period is very long and the maximum increase is 0.1℃/a. Although precipitation has no obvious increasing trend, there existed in three significant increase periods. Maximum precipitation appeared from 1988 to 1989 years. For the seasonal change, the temperature presented different increasing trends. There was especially obvi- ous increase in winter and autumn. The increase of seasonal precipitation is not obvious, and it mainly con- centrated in summer with the multi--year average rainfall of 239.30mm,accounting for about 65~ of the annual precipitation. The characteristics of temperature and precipitation change during recently 50 years indicated that there is being in an increasing stage of the temperature and precipitation in the Qinghai Lake basin at the present.