近代西方共和主义与自由主义的关系——共和修正派与自由主义者之争

The Relation of Modern Liberalism and Republicanism——Conflicts Between Republican Revisionists and Liberalists

史学界的主流学说长期认为,自由主义理论是近代西方革命与政体的思想基础;但当代"共和修正派"在复兴古典共和主义时,论证了共和主义是近现代英美政治思想起源和发展的基础,这引发了一场关于近代西方革命、政治思想中主导理念的大论战;总体上看,共和修正派居于下风。争论的实质是两派争夺主流意识形态地位和话语权。共和主义与自由主义的关系是:自由主义提出了公民对自由权利的需求,共和主义找到了实现自由的政治体制——共和制;自由是目的,共和是方法,自由需要在共和制中实现,不可脱离共和制。

The mainstream theory in the academic field of history believes that liberalism is the fundamental philosophy of the modern western revolution;however, modern ＂republican revisionists＂ ,while reviving the classic republicanism, argue that republicanism is the foundation of the origin and development of modern British and American politics,which arouses a theory debate where generally the republican revisionists are inferior. The essence of the argument is the competition of holding the mainstream ideology and voice. The relation of republicanism and liberalism is that the former contributes a political system for liberty while the latter stresses people＇ s desire for liberty. That is liberty is the goal and republican is the means. Liberty can be realized in republican system.