3,[10],[14]Gerald Early, "So Will My Page Be Colored That I Write?" ,in www. Bookwire. Com/bbr/poetry/collected- langston - hughes, html, & copy 1995,Boston Book Review.
4,[8]Annette T. Rubinstein, American Literature Root and Flower, Beijing Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 1988, p.676, p.655.
6Onwucheka Jemie, Langston Hughes: An Introduction to the Poetry, USA: Columbia University Press,1976.转引自www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/g-i/hughes.htm.
7,[1],[12]Arnold Rampersad, The Life of Langston Hughes ( Vol. Ⅱ), New York: Oxford University Press,1988, pp.312-313, p.418, p.403.
8小内森·A·司各特:《黑人文学》,见Daniel Hoffman,ed.,Hanvard Guide to Contemporary American Writing,USA:Harvard University Press,《世界文学》编辑部编译,北京:中国文联出版公司,1984年,第401页.
