南华县2008年至2012年克山病监测结果分析

Monitoring Result Analysis of Keshan Disease in Nanhua County from 2008 to 2012

目的:为进一步掌握南华县克山病病情现状和变化趋势,科学、规范和持续有效地指导防治工作,科学评估防控效果。方法:通过访视克山病病人现状,要求监测对象配合专业人员填写调查表,如实提供个人病史,并开展临床查体和十二导联心电图描记,若发现可疑克山病患者则进一步拍摄后前位2 m距离胸部正位X光片和彩色超声心动图描记。结果:2008年至2012年累计访视克山病病人246人次,累计死亡15例,访视率达100.00%。全县现有克山病病人54例,患病率为0.23‰;2008年至2012年共对3个病区乡镇9个自然村4 021人开展克山病重点监测,检出克山病现患病例17例,检出率为0.42%,慢型、潜在型克山病检出率分别为0.15%和0.27%。结论:南华县克山病处于平稳低发态势,潜在型克山病很可能成为我县克山病的主要临床类型。开展地方病防控工作不仅要加大病区群众的健康教育力度,注重综合性防控措施的落实,更重要的是逐步引导病区人群改善生活环境,加强自身营养,鼓励群众建立健康的生活方式,全面实施健康促进策略。

Objective： To investigate the present status and changing trend of Keshan disease of Nanhua County and to provide a scientific, normative and effective basis for the disease prevention, treatment, and research. Methods： Follow-up visit were conducted in diagnosed resident Keshan disease patients for questionnaire, personal history, clinical examination and 12-lead electrocardiogram. For suspected cases, electrocardiography, 2 metres AP X radiograph and ultrasonic cardiogram were conducted. Results： 246 cases of Keshan disease patients were visited from 2008 to 2012, 15 cases dead, and the visit rate was 100.00%. There are 54 Keshan disease patients in Nanhua County and the morbidity is 0.23‰. There were 17 new Keshan disease in screening of 4 021 key cases, detection rates was 0.42%, respectively, 0.15% and 0.27% for chronic Keshan disease and potential Keshan disease. Conclusion： KSD generally occurred at a steady and low incidence in Nanhua, while potential Keshan disease was the main clinical pattern. Observation should be strengthened; and advertisement, education as well as health promotion should be paid more attention onto the endemic work in the future.