摘要
自1949年台湾问题形成以来,中国大陆承续了孙中山先生所论述的中华民族历史意识中的国家统一观念,始终把解决台湾问题、完成祖国统一大业作为对历史负责、对民族负责的神圣使命。中国的统一事关中华民族的感情、信仰、意志和命运,这是中华民族的历史结论。必须指出的是,尽管当今世界上不同民族和国家的国家观念和政治制度不尽相同,但这种差异无一不是因历史背景和经历的不同而不同,但是国家统一几乎是各国历史的共同结论。中华民族历史形成的国家观是建立在中华文明基础之上、主权单一、领土完整、多民族的统一国家。它的精髓是"大一统"观念。在过去的60余年中,大陆在处理台湾问题时,一方面承续了中华民族致力于国家统一的优秀传统,另一方面也与时俱进地进行了理论创新。邓小平提出的"和平统一,一国两制"理论,丰富发展了中华民族的国家观和统一观。在处理国家统一问题时,并不完全要求绝对的"政治上的服从"和制度上的一致,而是允许在一个国家内部存在不同的社会制度。
Ever since 1949,when the Taiwan Question arose,the Mainland of China has been carrying on the concept of national unity in the historical consciousness of the Chinese Nation,devoting to the glorious mission of achieving the reunification of China as its historic responsibility to the Nation.A unitary China bears on the national feelings,belief,will,and destiny of the Chinese,which is a historical conclusion of the entire Nation.As much as nations and states in the world are different from each other as to their respective concepts of state and political systems,which is the result of their different histories and experiences,national unity is the common historical conclusion of every state.The concept of state evolved from the history of the Chinese Nation is that of a unitary sovereign state of multiple ethnic groups with territorial integrity,based on the common Chinese civilization.The essence of this concept is its great unification.Over the past sixty years,concerning the Taiwan Question,the Mainland of China has inherited the fine Chinese tradition of national unity on the one hand,and make improvements and innovations on the current theories to keep pace with the times.The 'peaceful reunification,and one country,two systems' theory proposed by Deng Xiaoping developed and enriched the Chinese Nation's concept of state and national unity.In handling the issue of national unity,the theory does not presuppose absolute 'political obedience' and institutional uniformity but allows for different social systems within a sovereign state.
出处
《国际展望》
2013年第5期10-21,142-143,共12页
Global Review
