中国南海部分海域细菌分布特征的研究

Research on the features of marine bacteria distribution in parts of the South China Sea

目的 了解中国南海部分海域细菌的种类及分布特征.方法 采用自制海水采样器对海面下1 m左右的海水进行采样,以浓缩培养基对海水进行增菌,经初步分离后挑取单个菌落至40％甘油中保存,随后转运至临床实验室进一步分离和鉴定.结果 在南海部分海域共采集141份海水样品,分离到细菌39种共191株,其中弧菌81株（42.4％）,肠杆菌42株（22.0％）,非发酵菌24株（12.6％）,真菌38株（19.9％）,巴斯德菌5株（2.6％）,啮氏艾肯菌1株（0.5％）.结论 南海部分海域海洋细菌以弧菌为主,但肠杆菌与真菌分离率也较高.值得注意的是该海域共分离到9种38株酵母菌,为掌握南海部分海域细菌种类及分布规律提供了重要的本底数据.

Objective To identify the species and distribution features of marine bacteria in parts of the South China Sea.Methods Seawater samples 1 meter below the sea level were collected by using a selfmade seawater sampler.Then,marine bacteria were enriched with concentrated culture medium,and after initial isolation,single colonies were screened out and were preserved in the 40% glycerol,and then transported to the laboratory for further identification.Results One hundred and forty-one seawater samples were collected from the region of the South China Sea.From the 141 samples were isolated 39 species （totaling 191 strains）,of which 81 strains （42.4%） were Vibrionaceae,42 strains （22.0%） were Enterobacteriaceae,24 strains （12.6%） were nonfermenters,38 strains （19.9%） were fungi,5 strains （2.6%） were Pasteurella and 1 strain （0.5%） was Eikenella.Conclusions Vibrio was the dominant marine bacterium in the South China Sea,however,high isolation rates of Enterobacteriaceae and fungi could also be obtained.More importantly,9 species of saccharomycete （38 strains） were also isolated in our study,which provided important baseline data in the species and distribution features of marine bacteria in the South China Sea.