抗高血压药物在小儿高血压危象紧急处理时的临床应用

Use of anti-hypertension drugs in childhood hypertensive crisis

小儿高血压危象属儿科相对罕见的急症，具有较高的致残率和致死率，需及时、安全、有效的治疗以缓解临床症状，减轻脏器损害，提高生存质量并降低病死率。虽然许多抗高血压药物在小儿高血压危象的治疗中被应用了数十年，但该类药物的临床研究资料多来源于成人，小儿高血压危象中应用的随机对照研究较少，且多为小样本研究，科学性及说服力不足，故临床上小儿高血压危象的药物选择仍然是一大难题。本文旨在结合文献对抗高血压药物在小儿高血压危象中的应用进行简介。

Childhood hypertensive crisis is a relatively rare emergency event, and is associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Children in this situation need rapid, safe and effective treatment to re- lease clinical symptoms, relieve injuries of target organs, improve quality of fife, and reduce mortality. Many kinds of anti-hypertension drugs have been used in children for decades, but most data were extrapolated from studies in adult. There is limited number of randomized controlled trials in children. Therefore it is still diffi- cult to choose drugs for pediatric hypertensive crisis based on evidence-based medicine. This paper sought to summarize the experience of medical management of childhood hypertensive crisis in children.