过敏性疾病家族史与儿童哮喘发病的相关研究

Study on family history of allergic diseases and childhood asthma

目的探讨过敏性疾病家族史与儿童哮喘发病的关系。方法采取两阶段分层整群随机抽样调查方法 ,抽取宝鸡市区1 029名0~14岁儿童进行哮喘危险因素调查,利用x^2检验分析过敏性家族史与儿童哮喘的关系。结果按照性别分层,男童中一级亲属哮喘史(OR=17.83,95%CI:2.36~134.77)、一级亲属其他过敏史(OR=1.92,95%CI:1.06~3.49)、二级亲属哮喘史(OR=4.18,95%CI:1.55~11.29)、二级亲属其他过敏史(OR=3.87,95%CI:1.27~11.79)均与儿童哮喘相关;女童中一级亲属哮喘史(OR=4.58,95%CI:1.28~16.02)、二级亲属哮喘史(OR=3.87,95%CI:1.41~10.66)与儿童哮喘相关;根据合并OR_(M-H),一级亲属哮喘史(ORM-H=7.94,95%CI:2.77~22.73)、一级亲属其他过敏史(ORM-H=1.80,95%CI:1.14~2.84)、二级亲属哮喘史(ORM-H=4.03,95%CI:1.98~8.19)、二级亲属其他过敏史(OR_(M-H)=2.36,95%CI:1.11~5.00)也均与儿童哮喘相关。结论 过敏性疾病家族史是儿童哮喘的危险因素,有过敏性疾病家族史的儿童应尽量避免其他哮喘危险因素,以降低儿童哮喘的发生概率。

Objective To explore the relationship between family history of allergic diseases and childhood asthma. Methods Two-stage stratified cluster random sampling survey method was used to select 1 029 children under 14 years from Baoji City for investigation on risk factors of childhood asthma. The relationship between family history of allergic diseases and childhood asthma was analyzed with chi-square test. Results Stratified according to sex, childhood asthma for boys was associated with the asthma history of the first degree relatives （ OR = 17.83, 95 % C1：2.36-134.77 ） and their history of other allergic diseases （ OR = 1.92, 95 % CI： 1.06-3.49）, asthma history of the second degree relatives （ OR = 4.18, 95 % CI： 1.55-11.29 ） and their history of other allergic diseases （ OR =3.87, 95 % CI： 1.27-11.79）. For girls, childhood asthma was correlated with the asthma history of the first degree relatives （ OR = 4.58, 95% CI：4.58-16.02） and of the second degree relatives （ OR = 3.87, 95 % CI：I. 41-10.66）. According to merged ORM_H, childhood asthma was also associated with the first degree relatives＇ history of asthma（ ORM_H = 7.94, 95% CI：2.77-22.73 ）, the first degree relatives＇ history of other allergies（ ORM_n = 1.80, 95% CI： 1.14-2.84）, the second degree relatives＇ history of asthma（ ORM_n = 4. 03, 95% CI： 1.98-8. 19）, and the second degree relatives＇ history of other allergies （ ORM_H = 2.36, 95% Cl： 1. 11-5.00）. Conclusion Family history of allergic diseases is a risk factor for children asthma. Children with family history of allergic diseases should avoid other risk factors for asthma so as to reduce the occurrence probability of asthmatic attack.