小儿惊厥38例临床观察及其相关治疗探讨

Clinical observation on 38 cases of infantile convulsion and their treatment

目的通过对38例小儿惊厥临床特点的观察及治疗,探讨早期干预的临床疗效。方法对选取38例小儿惊厥患者的病因、惊厥发作形式、发作次数、持续时间、脑电图和临床治疗效果及复发情况予以观察和相关数据的分析。结果在38例小儿惊厥者中,以高热所致惊厥发生率最高,且明显高于维生素D缺乏、颅内感染、颅内出血、癫痫、神经系统病变的发生率,差异均有统计学意义(x^2值分别为6.940、7.869、8.630、9.082、10.000,均P<0.05);发作形式以单纯型发生率最高(81.58%)、发作次数以1次发生率最高(84.21%)、发作持续时间以5min以内发生率最高(94.74%);治疗总有效率达92.11%、复发率占10.53%。结论明确小儿惊厥的病因、加强临床特点分析对早期诊断以及根据病因采取相应措施及时控制惊厥具有重要的临床价值。

Objective To explore the clinical curative effect of early intervention by observing the clinical characteristics of 38 cases of infantile convulsion and giving treatment to them. Methods The etiology, seizure form, seizure frequency, duration, EEG, clinical therapeutic effect and recurrence of 38 cases of infantile convulsion were observed and analyzed. Results In 38 cases of infantile convulsion, the incidence of convulsion caused by high fever was highest, and it was significantly higher than that caused by vitamin D deficiency, intracranial infection, intracranial hemorrhage, epilepsy and nervous system lesions. The differences were statistically significant（x2 values was 6. 940, 7. 869, 8. 630, 9. 082 and 10. 000, respectively, all P 〈 0.05 ）. The incidence of simplex attack was highest（81.58% ） in form, that of single attack was highest（84.21% ） in attack frequency, and that of attack lasting shorter than 5 minutes was highest（94.74% ） in attack duration. The total effective rate was 92.11% and recurrence rate was 10.53%. Conclusion Defining the etiology of infantile convulsion and strengthening analysis of clinical charaeteristics are very important for early diagnosis and timely control measures.