妇女精神伤害事件描述和防治需求浅析

Exploration on description and prevention of women mental injury

目的了解妇女精神伤害事件的基本情况，为防治策略提供思路。方法问卷调查1607名16岁以上妇女，对139份完成精神伤害事件描述的问卷进行分析。结果精神伤害的施暴者以朋友最常见，占37．41％；年发生频率在2～5次最多，占37．41％；施暴者以1个人最常见，占42．45％；主要发生在学习、工作场所，最多占44．60％；主要造成受害者情绪问题，占65．47％；妇女最主要的处理方式是告知他人，占86．23％；妇女最希望得到的处理是惩戒施暴者，占62．32％。结论对施暴个体惩戒，法律、社会的支持有助于减少、减轻妇女精神伤害的危害，提高妇女健康水平。

Objective To study the basic situation of mental injury on women, so as to provide thoughts for prevention. Methods Questionnaires were answered by 1607 women aged 16 years old and above. Analysis was made on 139 questionnaires with description of mental injury. Results Friends were the most frequent mental injury perpetrators, occupying 37.41%. The annual frequency of 2-5 times was most common, occupying 37.41%. Most of perpetrators were one person（42.45% ） , and most of the places were study and work place（44.60% ）. Emotional problems occurred in 65.47% of victims. The major treatment of victims（86.23% ） was to tell others, and the victims who wanted to publish perpetrators occupied 62.32%. Conclusion Punishment against perpetrators, legal support and social support are helpful to decrease and relieve women＇s mental injury and to improve women＇s health.