基于3S技术的长江中下游洪涝灾情评估研究

Flood and waterlogging disaster evaluation in middle-lower Yangtze by 3-S technology

论述了利用GIS、RS和GPS评估长江中下游地区洪涝灾情的方法、模型和过程 ,灾情数据库特别是堤防数据库和历史灾害数据库建立的方法 ,提出了一个评估灾情损失相对大小、可用来进行洪涝灾情区划的指标———洪损度。即以某一基准年样区各类灾情为基值 ,各地各年的各类损失值与它相比较后得出的比值乘以各自的权重 ,即得到每年的洪损度的大小。

The evaluation method,model and process for the flood and waterlogging disaster condition by GIS,RS and GPS technology and the method for setting up disaster condition database,dyke protection database and historical disaster database are presented.The index of flood loss degree for dividing flood and waterlogging area and evaluating the relative degree of disaster loss is suggested.The value of flood loss degree can be computed as follows:taking the various disaster loss of sample area in a base year as standard value and computing the ratios of various loss values in different area and years to the strndard value,then summing up the weighted ratios.The computed results is the value of flood loss degree in each year.The macroscopic flood disaster distribution can be evaluated by the values of flood loss degree.