基于“3S”技术的生态环境影响回顾性评价——以巫水流域水电梯级开发为例

Retrospective assessment of ecological environmental impact base on“3S”technology——a case of the Wushui Basin hydropower cascade development

采用"3S"(RS,GIS,GPS)技术对巫水流域1990年、2010年遥感影像进行处理,获得2期土地利用现状图、植被类型图和植被覆盖图,据此对该流域水电梯级开发引起的生态环境变化进行分析,为有效生态保护措施的制定、后期水利水电工程的合理规划提供科学依据.结果表明,流域内各土地利用类型发生了转变,主要植被类型未产生明显变化,植被覆盖度总体分布格局变化不大,水域面积的增加扩大了湿地动物生境,增加了水域的综合功能.

This paper carried out a comprehensive analysis on the Remote Sensing image in 1990 and 2010 in Wushui Basin,and obtained two contemporary maps of present landuse,vegetational form,vegetational cover by the use of ＂3S＂（RS,GIS,GPS） technology.And based on this,the paper further analyses the ecological environment changes caused by the basin hydropower cascade development,and provides the scientific basis for formulating effective ecological protection measures and reasonable planning for later hydropower engineering.The result shows that the land utilization types of the basin changed,main vegetation types did not change significantly,distribution pattern of the coverage rate of vegetation changed little in the overall,the increase of the water area expanded wetland habitats,increased the comprehensive functions of the water.