海南橡胶木红变的化学研究

Chemical research of the red discoloration of Hainan rubber wood

对橡胶木中的变色成分进行甲醇浸提,浸提液浓缩后用极性从小到大的石油醚、氯仿、乙醚、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取。经过化学分析认为橡胶木中产生红变的成分存在于极性较大的乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水中,变色成分主要是鞣质单宁、酚类及蒽醌类物质。同时进行鞣质单宁引起橡胶木红变的机理试验,结果表明,橡胶木抽提液无论是加酸性还是加碱性溶液都会产生红变,为此采用具有漂白功能的氧化剂和还原剂可以减轻或消除橡胶木抽提液的红变。

The discoloration ingredients of rubber wood were extracted by methanol, and then were concentrated and extracted by petroleum ether, chloroform, aether, ethyl acetate, normal butanol in ascending order of the polarity. The results showed that the red discoloration components consisted of ethyl acetate, normal butanol and water of the bigger polarity. The main components of discoloration were tannin acid, phenolic and anthraquinone. And the mechanism of rubber wood red discoloration caused by tannin acid was also studied. The extracted liquid turned red no matter adding acidic or alkaline solution, but oxidizing and reducing agents having a bleach function could be used to reduce or eliminate the solution red discoloration.