社会转型期“生态贫民”可持续生计问题研究

Investigation on the Sustainable Livelihoods of Eco-poor during the Social Transformation

【目的】分析目前"生态贫民"生计可持续发展现状及影响因素,探索有效实现"生态贫民"可持续生计发展的模式与途径。【方法】利用问卷法对秦巴山区5个县的"生态贫民"生存现状进行调查。【结果】现阶段"生态贫民"存在的主要问题在于经济收入水平低、可持续生计资本缺乏、环境问题显现并不断恶化、基本社会保障体制不健全。【结论】为有效解决"生态贫民"可持续生计问题,建议突破传统反贫困与扶贫开发的基本模式,重点强化政府行政行为,充分发挥文化软实力的作用,改变传统社会保障模式,推动系统性机制与制度构建,实现"生态贫民"可持续生计发展。

[Objective] Analyzing the sustainable development status of the eco-poor and the influ- ence factors, and exploring the effective patterns and approaches to achieve the sustainable liveli hoods development for the eco-poor. [Method] Questionnaire method was used to investigate the sustainable development status of the eco-poor living in five counties of Qingling-Mountain Area. [Results] At present, the main problems of the eco-poor are the low level of income, lack of sus tainable livelihood capital, environmental problems, as well as the imperfection of basic social se curity system. [Conclusion] In order to solve the sustainable development problems of the eco poor effectively, it is recommended to break through the basic model of the traditional anti-pover ty and poverty alleviation, to focus on enhancing government administrative act, to give full play to the role of cultural soft power, and to promote systemic mechanism and system building by changing the mode of the traditional social security, finally to achieve eco-poor＇s sustainable liveli hood development.