环境治理与地方政府——以日本公害防止协定为例

Environment Management and Local Government——A Case of Public Hazards Prevention Agreement in Japan

1964年,日本横滨市政府率先和企业签订公害防止协定,由此揭开了政府和企业签署协定的序幕。协定主要涉及大气污染、水质污染、噪声、振动、恶臭和损害赔偿问题。经过多年实践,公害防止协定在很大程度上解决了公害问题,由此可见地方政府在治理公害问题上的重要性。当前我国正面临严重环境问题,各级地方政府需认真学习日本的做法,不仅要转变政府职能,更要积极主动地行动,从而加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会的步伐。

In 1964, Yokohama government took the lead in signing the public hazards prevention agreement with one enterprise. After that, many local governments signed this agreement with some enterprises. These agreements mainly include some environment problems, such as air pollution, water pollution, noise, vibration and stench. What＇s more, those also involve compensation for damages. With the efforts for many years, Japan＇s public hazards have been solved mainly by the practice of those agreements. It follows that it is vital for local governments to solve the public hazards. China, which is facing serious environment problems, should learn from Japan earnestly. Local governments not only transfer governmental functions, but also take action proaetively. That can speed up steps towards resource-saving and environment-friendly society.