理学视域下姜夔的诗论与书论

The Communication between Jiang Kui's Poetics and Theory of Calligraphy by Way of Neo-confucianism

对于诗书理论上均有建树的姜夔,学界却绝少注意到其书论与诗论的相通性。他认为诗、书之意格须高,而主体的人格精神决定了诗书之格,故需提高主体"涵养"。他主张诗须含美刺之义理,书须依点画施设之情理,形式变化多端而尚"义理"之古法不可乱。对重形式之今法,他主张在诗、书创作中应不被其所缚,"精思"、"自得"而成一家风味。他还提出"自然高妙"说,追求诗、书中和平淡的美学风格。而他的诗书相通的文艺思想明显受到当时理学文化思潮的影响。

As for Jiang Kui＇s achievements in both poetics and the theory of calligraphy , less attention has been paid to the similarities between them by the educational circles . Jiang Kui believes that poetry and calligraphy＇s style must be high and the author＇s excellent character directly decided the character of his poetry and calligraphy, so it needs to strengthen the author＇s ＂conservation＂. Jiang Kui claimed that poetry must convey praise or satire. Moreover, the dots and strokes of calligraphy should stand to reason. Although the form of poetry and calligraphy must be changeful, the ancient law can＇t be broken and can＇t be bounded by recent law. So the writer must think carefully and acquire something in his heart to become a flavor belonging to himself. He also proposed ＂natural high＂ in pursuit of aesthetic and plain style. And his thought of poetry and calligraphy has been influenced by the culture of ideological trend at that time.