工程教育实践中工程与科学的分野

The Distinction of Engineering and Science in Engineering Teaching Practice

现代工程离不开科学,但工程并不等同于科学,对工程与科学进行细致的区分和辨别是有必要的。科学和工程之间在成果类型、知识类型、问题驱动类型等三个方面存在区别。这导致工程与科学哲学指导下的教学实践应有不同,在提出并定义问题、开发和使用模型、分析和解释数据、运用数学和统计思想、最终目的等五个方面存在联系与区别,这些认识的明晰,能够使教师和学生对工程有更准确的认识。

Modern engineering cannot do without science, but engineering is not equivalent to science, It is necessary to distinguish engineering and science. There are three possible differences be- tween engineering and science, namely different types of outcomes, knowledge and problem-driven. This leads to a guiding philosophy of engineering and science of teaching practice should be different. Connections and differences between engineering and science are discussed from the five aspects of teaching practices, problem-defining, development and usage of models, data analysis and interpreta- tion, usage of mathematics and computation and ultimate aims, these perceptions clarity which enables teachers and students to have a better understanding of engineering.