关于硝基氯苯生产中氯苯硝化的几点体会

Introduction to the nitrofication of chlorobenzene in the production of nitrochlorobenzene

理论与实践相结合探讨了影响氯苯硝化反应的因素 ,包括硝化剂、温度、搅拌、硝酸比 ,总结出氯苯硝化反应过程的工艺条件为 :(1)混酸中各组分的质量分数为硫酸 5 5 %、硝酸 36 %、水 9% ;(2 )硝化温度 5 5℃ ;(3)搅拌速度 30 0r/min ;(4 )反应后物料中硝酸过剩量 1%～ 5 %。并介绍了硝化工序中工艺设计和生产操作中的一些经验。

Factors influncing the nitrofication process of chlorobenzene,such as nitrofication agent,temperature,agitation and the amount of nitric acid are studied based on theory and practice.Suitable conditions for the nitrofication process of chlorobenze are summarized as follows:(1)the acid mixture contains 55% sulfuric acid,36% nitric acid and 9% water;(2)nitrofication temperature is 55 ℃;(3)the stirring speed is 300 r/min;(4)the excess amount of nitric acid at the end of reaction is 1%～5%. Some experience about the design and operation of nitrofication process is introduced.