我院腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者围手术期抗菌药物应用分析

Application analysis of antibacterial drugs for perioperative patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy in our hospital

目的探讨我院腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者围手术期抗菌药物的应用情况及效果。方法选取我院2012年1~12月收治的拟行胆囊切除术患者110例,分析所有患者围手术期用药的情况,并随机分为两组,观察组55例术前0.5~2.0 h预防使用抗菌药,对照组55例术前2 h^2 d预防使用抗菌药,比较两组患者的临床效果及围手术期各项指标,并总结术前用药情况。结果我院抗生素使用时间最长的是头孢他定(5.3d),最短的为左氧氟沙星(3.2 d);使用频次最多的是替硝唑,构成比为52.0%,使用频次最少的是青霉素,构成比为2.3%。观察组患者手术后最高体温为(37.8±0.5)℃,术后高体温持续天数为(3.1±0.9)d,术后感染率为1.82%,术后住院时间(4.9±0.5)d,与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术后用药时间为(3.8±0.7)d,住院费用为(4320.4±230.2)元,明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对于腹腔镜胆囊切除患者围手术期合理应用抗生素可明显降低感染的发生率。

Objective To explore the application and effect of antibacterial drugs for perioperative patients with la- paroscopic choleeystectomy in our hospital. Methods Selected 110 patients who admitted to our hospital from January 2012 to December 2012 and planned to do cholecystectomy and analyzed the perioperative medications, the patients were randomly divided into two groups, antibaeterials were preventive used in observation group （55 cases） at 0.5-2.0 h before operation,while the control group （55 cases） at 2h-2d before operation, compared the clinical effect and periop- erative indicators of the two groups, and summarized the preoperative medications. Results Cephalosporin was the kind of antibiotics that used the longest time, which was 5.3d, while levofloxacin used the shortest time, which was 3.2d; tinidazole was used the most frequently, the constituent ratio was 52.0%,while penicillin was used the least frequently, the constituent ratio was 2.3%; the highest temperature of observation group after operation was （37.8±0.5）℃, the con- tinuous days of high temperature was （3.1±0.9）d, the postoperative infection rate was 1.82%, the postoperative hospital stays was （4.9±0.5）d, compared with the control group, there was no significant difference between the two groups （P 〉 0.05）. The postoperative medication time of observation group was （3.8±0.7） d, and the hospitalization expenses was （4320.4±230.2） Yuan, they were significantly lower than that of the control group （/9 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Rational use of antibiotics for perioperative patients with laparoscopie cholecystectomy can obviously reduce the incidence of infec- tion.