中华绒螯蟹呼肠孤病毒样病毒病研究

Study on Reovirus-like Virus of Eriocheir sinensis

为了探讨中华绒螯蟹 (Eriocheirsinensis)颤抖病的发生原因 ,从表现出颤抖症状的中华绒螯蟹中初步分离纯化出一种病毒 ,人工感染健康触 ,出现明显的阳性反应 ,并从人工感染的蟹的血液、肠道、性腺等组织中检测到病毒 ,表明分离到的病毒为中华绒螯蟹的病原 ,且对野生锯齿华溪蟹 (Sesarna <Holometapus >dehanni)也具感染性。电镜观察结果显示该病毒粒子呈球状 ,无囊膜 ,大小为 55nm左右。病毒核酸在 1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳中 ,电泳图谱呈现 3/ 3/ 4 / 2型 ,总分子量约 2 0kb。该核酸对DNaseⅠ不敏感 ,对RNase敏感 ,推测病毒核酸为dsRNA ,从病毒形态大小、病毒核酸等特性初步确定该病毒为呼肠孤病毒样病毒 (Reovirus likeVirus)。该研究为探讨中华绒螯蟹颤抖病的发生原因及防治方法有很大的指导意义。

In order to find out the reason for causing shiver disease of Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis ) a virus was isolated from diseased Chinese mitten crab. Symptom of normal crab was positive after it had been infected artificially with preliminary pure virion from the shiver crab. It was decided that this virus could be detected in the blood, intestinal canal and germinative gland. The virus was also infective to Sesarna <Holometapus> dehanni . The virion was globose, no envelope and about 55 nm in size by electron microscope observation. The electrophoretype of the viral nucleic acid in 1% agarose was 3/3/4/2 in four different size classes, and total molecular weight was about 20 kb. The nucleic acid should be a dsRNA by the eletrophoretype and the character of sensitivity to RNase and not sensitivity to DNase I. The classification of the virus was proposed to reoviridae family by genome and morphology. The research is significant in the discussing the cause of shiver disease and preventing and treating the disease.