渫水流域森林和降水量的变化对径流及泥沙影响分析和GM模型

Impacts of forest and precipitation on runoff and sediment in Tianshui watershed and GM models.

通过对亚流域内森林蓄积量和降水量的变化 ,分析其对年输沙模数、年平均含沙量、年最大含沙量、年平均流量、年最大流量、年最小流量、年平均水位、年最高水位、年最低水位的影响 ,而且也就森林蓄积量的变化对逐月的平均流量、最小流量、平均水位影响进行了分析 ,并建立引起以上各种水文要素时间变化的灰色系统GM (1,N)动态模型 ,还建立了各种林种 (杉木、马尾松、阔叶林 )蓄积量、不同龄组 (幼林、中龄林、成过熟林 )蓄积量、降水量对各种水文要素影响的GM模型 ,并对时间变化进行了分析 .

This paper analyzed the impacts of foret stand volume and precipitation on annual erosion modulus,mean sediment,maximum sediment,mean runoff,maximum runoff,minimum runoff,mean water level,maximum water level and minimum water level in Tianshui watershed,and also analyzed the effect of the variation of forest stand volume on monthly mean runoff,minimum runoff and mean water level.The dynamic models of grey system GM(1,N) were constructed to simulate the changes of these hydrological elements.The dynamic GM models on the impact of stand volumes of different forest types(Chinese fir,masson pine and broad leaved forests)with different age classes(young,middle aged,mature and over mature)and that of precipitation on the hydrological elements were also constructed,and their changes with time were analyzed.