温度、相对湿度和pH对蜜蜂球囊菌孢子萌发的影响

Effects of temperature,relative humidity and pH on germination of chalkbrood fungus,Ascosphaera apis spore

研究了温度、相对湿度和 pH对蜜蜂球囊菌 (Ascosphaeraapis)孢子萌发 3个阶段 (活化、膨大、产生萌发管 )的影响 .结果表明 ,孢子活化和膨大在 15～ 40和 (2 5～ 40 )± 0 5℃范围内受温度的影响不明显 (P >0 0 5 ) ;萌发管仅发生在 2 5～ 37± 0 5℃ ,最适温度位于 (31～ 35 )± 0 5℃ .相对湿度越大 ,越有利于孢子萌发 ,而相对湿度低于 80 %对孢子萌发极为不利 .孢子萌发的 3个阶段在 pH为 5～ 7 8时几乎不受 pH变化的影响 ,而在 pH值较低影响很大 .可见 ,A .apis是一种高度专一的蜜蜂幼虫病原体 .

Studies on the effects of environmental temperature,relative humidity and pH value on the germination of Ascosphaera apis spore at the stages of activation,enlargement and germ tube production showed that the germination was found to be independent of temperature within the range of 15～40℃ was and 25～40℃,respectively at the stage of activation and enlargement,but closely correlated with the temperature within the range of 25～37℃ at the stage of germ tube production,with the optimum range of 31～35℃.Relative humidity below 80% inhibited spore germination.pH value within the range of 5～7 8 did not affect the spore germination significantly,but pH<5 reduced the enlargement and germ tube production drastically.The results indicated that A.apis is a highly specialized pathogen for the life in honeybee larvae.