蛙心包淋巴孔的发现

DISCOVERY OF FROG PERICARDIAL LYMPHATIC STOMATA AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE

首次报道蛙心包淋巴孔 ,揭示心包腔淋巴转归途径。本实验应用扫描电镜和透射电镜观察心包淋巴孔的超微结构 ,并使用计算机图象处理技术对淋巴孔作定量分析。结果发现 ,正常蛙心包腔面有一些散在分布的心包淋巴孔和少量淋巴窦。构成淋巴孔的间皮细胞常出现粗大的胞质突起 ,伸入淋巴孔 ,形成瓣膜状结构。淋巴孔的平均直径为 0 72±0 33μm ,平均分布密度是 3 57± 2 0 7个 /0 0 1mm2 ;心包间皮淋巴窦的面积是 995 0 8±2 2 1 74μm2 /0 0 1mm2 。蛙心肌无血管 ,其血供仅由心腔内血液直接进入心肌的小梁间隙。心包脏层未发现有淋巴孔。结果表明 :间皮淋巴窦是心包膜正常“漏出”的形态依据。心包淋巴孔的发现 ,证明心包腔淋巴引流途径的存在。淋巴引流对于心肌组织间液的平衡 ,清除组织间液蛋白质 ,防止心肌间质水肿 。

Pericardial lymphatic stomata on frog is reported firstly, which contributes to understanding a route of lymph drainage in the pericardium. The ultrastructure of the pericardial lymphatic stomata was observed using scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. A quantitative analysis of the stoma data made by using computer image processing. Scattered distributed lymphatic stomata and some lymphatic sinusoid found on the parietal pericardium. The thick cytoplasmic processes from the mesothelial cell constituting the lymphatic stomata enter the lymphatic stomata to form valvular structure. The average diameter and density of pericardial lymphatic stomata are 072±033 μm and 357 ± 207/001mm2, respectively; The sinusoid areas was 99508 ± 22174μm2/001mm2. Since there were no blood vessels in the frog's myocardium, its blood supply was directly from the cardiac chambers flowing into the trabecular spaces of the myocardium. The discovery of the pericardial lymphatic stomata means that the route of lymph drainage exists in the pericardial cavity, which clearly indicated that lymph drainage of the pericardium can play an important role in maintaining dynamic balance of myocardial interstitial fluid, eliminating interstitial protein and preventing myocardial interstitial edema. The sinusoids of the frog's pericardial mesothelium, provide a morphological basis for the pericardial membrance “leakage”, enhance the effect of preventing the interstitial edema.