厦门地区芒果盐害的初步研究

INVESTIGATION OF SALT DAMAGE IN MANGO TREES IN XIAMEN

“叶焦病”是闽南地区芒果（Ｍａｎｇｉｆｅｒａ ｉｎｄｉｃａ Ｌ．）的一种常见病．对不同地点受害植物的叶片及土壤理化指标的分析表明：①土壤酸度、总Ｎ、总Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｎａ等含量与芒果受害程度无关；②受害程度与叶片Ｃｌ、Ｋ含量、３０—４０ ｃｍ土壤Ｃｌ含量及总盐含量呈显著正相关；③造成厦门地区芒果“叶焦病”的主要原因是盐害，其中起主要作用的是Ｃｌ；④芒果是一种对盐比较敏感的植物，土壤总盐含量达０．４８９‰时仍可正常生长，高于此含量则出现受害症状．

Leaf scorch in mango (Mangifera indica L.) trees was investigated in March, 1997 in 13 sites at 30-300 m from seashore of Xiamen City. Symptom of leaf scorch in shoot leaves was divided into 6 grades. Soil properties and elements in leaves were tested. The results showed that soil pH and the total N, P, K and Na contents were not related to the leaf scorch damage. The degrees of injury caused by leaf scorch were positively related to the content of Cl and K in leaves and to the Cl and salt contents in soil at 30-40 cm depth. It is concluded that the main factor resulting in leaf scorch is salt, and Cl plays an important role. Mango trees grow normally in soil under 0.489‰ salinity.