民族整合进程中的秘鲁土著语言政策研究

Indigenous Language Policy of Peru in the Process of National Integration

秘鲁摆脱殖民统治后,秘鲁政府试图通过同化政策实现民族整合,结果造成土著语言继续减少和消亡,同时形成西班牙文化和印第安文化二元分化格局,延续至今。本文作者以秘鲁历史为背景,以相关法律法规和统计数据为依据,回顾了秘鲁土著语言地位的变迁,分析了不同时期秘鲁土著语言政策和实施的特点。本文作者认为,土著人口比例降低和土著语言消亡并不代表民族整合的成功;秘鲁土著语言政策经历了同化到多元一体化的变迁;适当的土著语言政策是实现民族整合的重要保障。

After Peru＇ s independence, the government tried to achieve national integration through assimilation policy. As a result, indigenous population continues to decline, and indigenous languages are endangered to be extinct. At the same time, binary social structure between Spanish culture and Indigenous culture are clearly cut, which hinders the national integration until now. By reviewing the history of Peru＇ s indigenous language policy, the author has found that the language policy of Peru changes from assimilation to multi-diversity ; the reduction of indigenous population and the extinction of indigenous languages don＇ t show the success of the national integration, and appropriate language policy will help to speed up the process of national integration.