转型期侗歌传承场域的多维走向与价值位移

The Displacement of Value and Trend On the Dong Chorus Art's Inheritance Field

田野调查发现,传统意义上的侗歌艺术传承场域聚合要素的规整性特征,一是离不开"民间性",二是彰显"神圣性";而转型期由于传承渠道的多样性,传承活动中的聚合要素发生了趋势性变化:一是对传统意义上所持守的"民间性"及"神圣性"若即若离,二是急迫地向现代性"精英化"与"世俗化"演进。文章从"民间性与精英性"、"神圣性与世俗性"和"民间精英化与神圣世俗化"等维度,对"同质叠加与异质同构"、"超越性与诗意性的追求衍化为对现实性与世俗性的关注"和"衍化模式的交叉性与互渗性"等传承模式特征进行梳理,分析认为:其一,衍化模式的多维走向,使处于本体性源头、具有规整侗歌品质与品格特质的经典性歌论"饭养身/歌养心"发生了价值位移;其二,这是一个颇具现代性变化特征的"场所化"与"去场所化"(Non—places)转换过程所带来的演变和改变。

The classical Dong Chorus＇s theory , ＇the food feed the body and the songs nurture the heart＇ , is the hypostatic source of the inheritance field on the Dong Chorus art. Its character and quality was inherently regulated in thousands of years. According to the fieldwork, we found that, the character of regulating aggregate elements which is the traditional meanings of the Dong Chorus Art＇ s inheritance field, cannot be separated from the folk, and manifest the sacred. As the diversities of the passing channels in period transition, the factors have been a changing of tendency ： one is that it can＇ t be divided from the traditional meanings of which holding the folklore and sanctity, the other is to push them to the evolution of the modernity＇ s elitism and secularization. This paper will hackle and analyze the characters of the passing and inheritance model from ＇ the folk nature and the elitism＇ , ＇ the holiness and the secularization＇ , ＇ elitism from the folk and secularization from the sacred＇ to the ＇ developing without basic essence changed and the mutual infiltration＇ , ＇ the pursue of transcendence and poetry derived to the attention of realistic and seeularity＇ , ＇ the alternation and permeation of the derivation mode＇. We considered that the multidimensional trend of the derivation mode made the essential source and the formal style of classical songs theory＇ s value changed. In fact, that＇ s a modernity changing just as Marc Auge＇ s ＇ places＇ and ＇ non - places＇ , which brings evolution and changing in the transformation. So, people should grasp the changing of the regulation and research it.