不同灌溉模式对设施番茄产量与土壤养分运移的影响

Effect of Different Irrigation Conditions on Yield and Soil Nutrients Movement of Greenhouse Tomato

为有效提高设施番茄水肥利用率，加快推进现代化农业发展进程。试验设置滴灌施肥与传统漫灌施肥两种模式，共5个处理，研究了不同灌溉模式对设施番茄产量以及设施菜田土壤温度、硝态氮、有效磷和氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明：同漫灌施肥相比，滴灌施肥模式能提高设施莱田土壤温度0．5～1．5℃，增产4％～35％，氮肥利用率提高2％～17％。综合节水、氮肥利用和产量3项指标，以每6d滴灌1次，灌溉定额为每次180m^2·hm^-2效果最佳。

In order to improve water and fertilizer use efficiency of greenhouse tomato and accelerate develop- ment process of modern agriculture. The effects of different irrigation modes on yield of greenhouse tomato, soil temperature,soil nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizer use rate were studied with drip fertilization and flood irrigation fertilization. The results showed that drip irrigation fertilization could improve soil temperature 0.5-1.5℃, compared with flood irrigation fertilization, yield increased 4 %- 35 % and nitro- gen use efficiency increased 2%-17 %. By comprehensive analysis of saving water, nitrogen use and yield, the most optimal treatment was that irrigation frequency was once every six days and irrigation quota was 180 m3·hm^-2.