“近来”类双音时间词演化的系统性及其相关问题

The Systematic Evolution of Double - Syllabic Temporal Words like Jinlai ( Recently) and Related Issues

"X"为时间副词性质的"近来"类双音时间词出现年代和演化路径各不相同,但是它们之间在词汇化和功能演化过程中呈系统性关联。根据产生的机制可以将它们分为两类:原生性的和衍生性的。前者为A群,有"近来"、"本来"和"向来";后者为B群,有"素来"和"元来/原来"。可以假设它们之间有类推关系。其证据有时间上衔接、功能上互补、语义上包蕴以及认知上的压制准入,从而为两类群之间的诸多不一致找到合理的解释。

Word clusters with ＂X＋lai （come）＂, appearing as temporal adverbials such as Jinlai （recently）, differ in their originating periods as well as evolutionary pathways. However, some systematic co-relations can be observed on the process of lexicalization and functional evolution of these words. Based on the generating mechanisms, primitive words and derivative words should be differentiated as two distinct classes with Jinlai （recently）, Benlai （originally） and Xianglai （all along） being classified as the former （A clusters） and Sulai （all along）, Yuanlai （originally） as the latter （B clusters）. It is hypothesized that there is an analogy inference between the two clusters, which can be supported by the evidence of connectior, in time line, complementation on function, entailment in lexical meaning and coercion of cognitive access. Therefore, the divergences between the two clusters can reasonably be explained.