维特根斯坦对私人语言的批判

Wittgenstein's Critique on Private Language

维特根斯坦对私人语言的形而上学前提即二元分立基础上的符合论予以批判,认为语言的作用不只是对事物进行逻辑的指称和描述,它更是一种指示着人的行为的活动,其意义在于使用。他还对私人语言的自我理解性进行了批判,认为语言是用来交流的,私人语言不具有交流的特征,因而不是真正的语言。再次,他从语言遵循规则的角度对私人语言加以批判,认为人们不能"私人地"遵守规则,"遵从规则"只能是公共的,语言必须建立在共同体的基础之上。

Wittgenstein argue against private language in his later period of life. First, he critisized the metaphisical premise of private language, and thought that language meaning lies in using because language not only logically refers to and represents things but more is a kind of activity that indicates man＇s behaviour. Second, he critisized private language＇s self- perceptiveness and thought that language is used in communicating, but private language hasn t the character, so it isn＇t genuine language. Third, he critisized private language from the angle of rule that language observe, and thought people cant privately but only publicly observe rule and language must be builded on the base of community.