山地风景区景观资源评价——以花萼山为例

Evaluation of landscape resource in mountain scenic spot——A case study of Hua'e Mountain

[目的]为我国山地风景区景观资源评价、利用、管理以及山地旅游经济发展提供参考.[方法]以地处我国秦巴山区的花萼山为例,基于遥感和GIS技术,利用NDVI、高程变异系数、坡度、坡向等特性进行区域性自然景观特征分析,并综合考虑山地风景区的特点,采用德尔菲法、层次分析法、模糊数学评价法进行景观资源综合评价.[结果]花萼山NDVI分布于0.50～0.72,植被丰富,覆盖率高;高程变异系数为24.59％,相对高差较小,景观视觉冲击性一般;坡度在25～38°范围内占总面积的42.62％,微地形下景观变化多样,景观效果好;阳坡占总面积16.84％,阴坡占20.45％,均处于劣势,景观优越区较少;盐茶古道、扁桶峡、大竹河、花萼主峰、长洞湖、曹家峡资源综合得分均超过7.100,综合价值最高;综合得分在6.300～7.000的资源主要分布于西南部,具有较高的现实开发价值.[建议]花萼山景观资源开发应坚持以生态为基础、与文化相结合,以圈层明梯度、以分区显层次,以交通为骨架,突出重点建设的策略.

[Objective ]The purpose of this study was to provide indicative proposals for the resource evaluation, uti- lization and management of landscape resources in mountain scenic spot as well as the development of mountain tourism e- conomy in China. [Method]Based on RS and GIS technology, taking Hua＇e Mountain in Qinba Mountain area as an ex- ample, regional natural landscape features were analyzed using NDVI, elevation variation coefficient, slope and aspect. In consideration of characteristics in mountain scenic spot, a comprehensive assessment of landscape resources was made us- ing the Delphi, AHP, and fuzzy mathematics evaluation method. [Result]The NDVI in Hua＇e Mountain was distributed in 0.50-0.72 with rich vegetation and high coverage. The elevation variation coefficient was 24.59%. Relative elevation difference was lesser, and landscape visual impact was general. The proportion of slope in the range of 25-38°was 42.62%. Landscape variety was divers under the micro terrain, and landscape effect was excellent. The sunny slope accounted for 16.84% of the total area, and the cloudy slope occupied 20.45%0. They were at a disadvantage with less landscape superior areas. The comprehensive score of Yancha Ancient Path, Biantong Gorge, Dazhu River, Huae Peak, Changdong Lake and Caojia Gorge were more than 7.100. They had the highest comprehensive value. The comprehensive scores in 6.300-7.000 resources were mainly distributed in the southwest, which had relatively high development value. [Suggestion]To de- velop Hua＇e Mountain landscape resources, the strategies should be based on ecology combining with culture. There should be coil structure as grades, partition showing level, and traffic centered to highlight key construction.