四川丘陵旱坡地节水种植技术研究

On Diverse Planting Pattern in Arid Upland and Hilly Land of Sichuan

在四川丘陵旱坡地上,研究了不同种植技术对节水保水和粮食产量、经济效益的影响,结果表明:①在秸秆覆盖、免耕种植基础上,合理安排种植模式,可收到节水保水,提高产出的效果,"麦、玉、花、苕"模式节水保水效果最好,经济效益最高,"麦、玉、苕、豆"模式节水保水效果较好,粮食产量最高.②节水保水的关键措施,除免耕种植外,一是秸秆还田和间种豆科以增加土壤有机质;二是恰当配置匍匐作物和矮株作物,构建良好的地表植被增强生物覆盖.③秸秆还田和间种豆科有良好的改土培肥作用,对土壤有机质、氮素的效果最为明显,对钾和磷也有较好的作用.

The ability of water saving and retention, grain yield and economic benefit i tern have been investigated in the arid upland and hilly land of Sichuan. The results sh base of covering with straw and no-tillage, the ability of water saving and retention and wheat/potato＋peanut/sweet potato planting pattern are best whereas the output of w sweet potato＋soybean planting pattern is the highest; 2） Except the no-tillage, key saving and retention included the straw returned to field and intercropping legume to i matter and appropriate intererop to construct and enhance surficial plant cover; 3） R field or inter-planting leguminous improved the soil quality. n five pla ow that ： economic ntlng pat- 1） On the heat ＋ maize/potato ineasurcs of ncrease soil organic eturning straw into