急性脑血管病患者医院感染危险因素分析

Risk factors for nosocomial infections in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease

目的分析急性脑血管病患者医院感染发生的危险因素,探讨积极的预防措施,以降低急性脑血管病的医院感染发生率。方法回顾性分析2011年1月-2012年1月425例急性脑血管病患者临床资料,分为感染组与非感染组,寻找急性脑血管病医院感染发生的危险因素。结果 425例急性脑血管病患者中发生医院感染38例,感染率为8.9%;单因素分析,急性脑血管病患者发生医院感染与年龄、住院时间、基础疾病、意识障碍、侵入性操作、预防应用抗菌药物明显相关(P<0.05),而与性别、卧床时间、吞咽困难无明显相关性;多因素分析,住院时间、侵入性操作、预防应用抗菌药物是急性脑血管病患者发生医院感染的独立危险因素(OR=8.239、6.317、9.367,P<0.05)。结论住院时间、侵入性操作、预防应用抗菌药物是急性脑血管病患者发生医院感染的独立危险因素,临床应采取预防措施,力争将医院感染率降到最低。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors of nosocomial injections m acute cerebrovascular disease, discuss its precaution so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in acute cerebrovascular disease. METHODS The clinical data of 452 patients with acute cerebrovascular disease from Jan. 2011 to Jan. 2012 were retrospectively analyzed, and all the patients were divided into the infection group and the non-infection group, and the risk factors of nosocomial infection were searched. RESULTS A total of 38 cases of nosocomial infections were found in 452 patients with acute cerebrovascular disease, accounting for 8.9%. The single factor analysis showed the nosocomial infections in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease were related to the age, hospitalization duration, underlying diseases, disturbance of consciousness, invasive procedures, and prevention use of antibiotics （P〈0.05）, and that they were not related to the gender, time in bed, and dysphagia. The multivariate analysis showed that the hospitalization duration, invasive procedures, and prevention use of antibiotics were the independent risk factors for nosocomial infections in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease（OR = 8. 239, 6. 317, and 9. 367, P%O. 05）. CONCLUSION Hospitalization duration, invasive procedures, and prevention use of antibiotics are the independent risk factors for nosocomial infections in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease, it is necessary for the hospital to take prevention measures to minimize the incidence of the nosocomail infections.