尿毒症患者医院感染的相关因素分析

Related factors for nosocomial infections in patients with uremia

目的分析研究尿毒症患者的医院感染相关因素,为患者医院感染的预防提供依据,以降低感染率。方法选取2009年1月-2012年12月302例尿毒症住院患者为研究对象,将其中医院感染的发生率、感染部位分布进行分析,然后将不同年龄、性别、住院时间、并发基础疾病发生医院感染率进行比较。结果 302例尿毒症患者中共60例发生医院感染,感染率为19.87%,其中呼吸道感染最高,占36.67%,其次为泌尿道及消化道感染,分别占26.67%及23.33%;年龄≥60岁患者的感染率为27.34%,<60岁患者的感染率为14.37%,住院时间≥30d患者的感染率为26.52%,<30d患者的感染率为8.33%,并发基础疾病≥2种患者感染率为32.89%,<2种患者感染率为15.49%,各种因素之间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论尿毒症患者的医院感染发生率较高,对于年龄≥60岁、住院时间较长及并发基础疾病种类较多的患者,应给予充分的重视。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the related factors of nosocomial infections in the patients with uremia so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections. METHODS A total of 302 patients with uremia, who were treated in the hospital from Jan 2009 to Dec 2012, were recruited as the studyobjects , then the incidence of nosocomial infections and the infection sites were analyzed, and the age, gender, length of hospitalization, and incidence of complication of underlying diseases were observed. RESULTS Of 302 cases of uremia patients investigated, the nosocomial infections occurred in 60 cases with the infection rate of 19. 87%, among which the patients with respiratory tract infections accounted for 36. 67%, the patients with urinary tract infections 26. 67%, and the patients with gastrointestinal tract infections 23.33%. The incidence of nosocomial infections was 27.34% in the patients aged more than 60 years old, 14.37% in the patients aged less than 60 years old, 26. 520/00 in the patients with the length of hospitalization more than 30 days, 8.33% in the patients with the length of hospitalization less than 30 days, 32.89% in the patients complicated with more than two underlying diseases, and 15.49% in the patients complicated with less than two underlying diseases, the difference in each of the factors was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION The incidence of nosocomial infections is relatively high in the patients with uremia, and great importance should be attached to the patients aged more than 60 years old, the patients with long length of hospitalization, and the patients complicated with multiple underlying diseases.