鲍氏不动杆菌流行病学调查与耐药性分析

Epidemiological characteristics of Acinetobacter baumannii and analysis of drug resistance

目的了解鲍氏不动杆菌医院感染分布特点及对抗菌药物的耐药性,为采取有效措施控制其流行提供依据。方法对医院2011年1月1日-12月31日临床分离出的112株非重复鲍氏不动杆菌的分布特点及耐药性进行回顾性调查和分析。结果共检出非重复鲍氏不动杆菌112株,来自痰液74株占66.07%;临床科室以ICU分布最多占58.93%;鲍氏不动杆菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率分别达64.29%和77.65%,对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的耐药率最低,为4.71%。结论鲍氏不动杆菌对包括碳青霉烯类的多数抗菌药物的耐药率较高,应加强对其耐药性监测,采取有效地干预措施,合理选择使用抗菌药物,保持抗菌药物的抗菌活性,有效控制其在医院内的定植和传播。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of the Acinetobacter baumannii causing nosocomial infections so as to take effective measures to control the epidemic. METHODS The distribution characteristics and drug resistance of 112 non-repetitive A. baumanii isolated from clinical samples from Jan 1, 2011 to Dec 31, 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS Totally 112 non-repetitive A. baumannii were isloated, including 74 strains isolated from sputum （66.07% 58.93% of the strains were isolated from ICU. Resistance rates of A. baumannii to imipenem and meropenem were 64.29% and 77.65%, and A. baumannii had the lowest resistance rate to cefoperazone/sulbactam （4. 71%）. CONCLUSION The A. baumannii strains were highly resistant to most of the antibiotics including carbapenems. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance should be strengthened, effective interventions should be taken, and antimicrobial drugs should be used reasonably to keep the antibacterial activity and control its colonization and dissemination in hospital.